hardware
Network cables
Copper wires in Ethernet cables have twists to reduce interference
Coaxial cables
Plenum-rated cable
Unshielded and shielded cables
(Overall cable) / (individual pairs)TP eg. S/FTP
Optical Fiber
Multimode fiber : up to 2km , LED (cheaper)
Singlemode fiber : up to 100km , lasers (expensive)
Cables
SATA data port (7 pin)
SATA power port (15 pin)
eSATA cable
Others
T568A and T568B are standards for wiring twisted pair network cables, including Ethernet cables
SCSI (communication standard like SATA)
SAS (Serial Attached SCSI)
daisy chain : wiring scheme , wire together in a ring
SATA (Serial-ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment) )
PATA (Parallel-ATA)
PCIe
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
UEFI BIOS replace legacy BIOS (a standardization for BIOS)
Reset BIOS : 1. CMOS Battery(remove and put back) 2.Clear CMOS Jumper(short 2 pins)
CPU: "32-bit" and "64-bit" refer to CPU architecture , CORES , MULTITHREADING , VIRTUALIZATION SUPPORT
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) is a technology used to provide high-speed internet access over traditional telephone lines
ECC (Error Correcting Code) Memory
RAM parity (even parity check)
M.2 interface
AHCI vs NVMe
Printing
Laser printer (toner, a type of poweder)
Inkjet printer (ink)
Thermal pritner (uses thermal paper, eg. receipt paper (text will fade overtime))
Dot-martrix (impact) printer
3D printer
Connectors
RJ11 (DSL)
RJ45 (ethernet)
F-connecter(for coaxial cable)
Molex connector (eg.computer PSU)
Power
PSU converts incoming electrical power (usually from an outlet) to the appropriate voltage required by the devices it powers
RAID
Stands for Redundant Array of Independant Disks
RAID 0 - Striping
Data is striped across 2 disks
Not fault tolerant
For speed
RAID 1 - Mirroring
Data is mirrored across 2 disks
RAID 5 - Striping with parity
Needs 3 or more disks
Data is rebuilt when a disk fails
RAID 10(1+0, or Mirroring + Striping)
Combines RAID 1 and RAID 0 by mirroring pairs of drives and then striping data across these mirrored pairs.
RAID Summary
RAID 0
2
Number of Drives x Size of Smallest Drive
No fault tolerance
RAID 1
2
Size of One Drive
1 drive
RAID 5
3
(Number of Drives - 1) x Size of Smallest Drive
1 drive
RAID 10
4
(Number of Drives / 2) x Size of Smallest Drive
1 drive per mirrored pair
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