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subnetting
load balancing
IP Address (Internet Protocol)
A unique numerical label assigned to a device on a network for identification and communication purposes.
Modem/Router has IP address
Each device has a IP address
Ports
A numeric value that directs network traffic to specific applications or services running on a device.
A port is a communication endpoint within an operating system ,
help direct incoming network traffic to the appropriate application or service
Reserved Ports
0 -1023
Reserved Ports , cannot be used by other applications
HTTP = Port 80
HTTPS = Port 443
1024 - 49152
For specific applications
MongoDB = 27017
SQL = 1433
Bandwidth
1kbps = 1 000 bits/s
1mbps = 1 000 000 bits/s
1gbps = 10^9 bits/s
Network Types
Network Type
Description
Personal Area Network (PAN)
Connects devices in close proximity to an individual.
Local Area Network (LAN)
Covers a limited geographical area like a home or office.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Spans a larger geographical area, typically a city.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Covers a wide geographic area, such as multiple cities/countries.
Campus Area Network (CAN)
Interconnects LANs within a campus or large organization.
Storage Area Network (SAN)
Connects storage devices to servers for high-speed data access.
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
LAN using wireless connections like Wi-Fi.
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Creates secure connections over a public network for remote access.
Intranet
Private network for internal communication and collaboration.
Extranet
Extends intranet to include external parties with limited access.
Cloud Network
Connects and provides access to cloud computing services.
Internet
Global network of interconnected networks for worldwide communication.
Modem & Router
Modem
Modulate digital data to analog signal to be transferred Demodulate analog signal to digital data for computer to understand
A device that connects your network to the internet by translating signals between your computer and the internet service provider (ISP).
Router
Route data packets to devices
A device that connects multiple devices within a network, directing data traffic and facilitating communication between those devices.
Network Topologies
Physical and logical arrangement of devices in a network
Architectures
Client Server Architecture
Peer to peer architecture
application layer
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